Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Using the Overlay Assay to Qualitatively Measure Bacterial Production of and Sensitivity to Pneumococcal Bacteriocins
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Prescription trends and antibiotic utilization in pneumonia: an observational study at a tertiary teaching hospital

Sai Sowmya Bhupathiraju1, Latha Maregouda Goudar1, Srujan Manjunath1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, KLE College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubballi, Karnataka.

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease = Archivio Monaldi Per Le Malattie Del Torace
|April 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This study found widespread antibiotic overuse and polypharmacy in pneumonia treatment, with azithromycin being the most prescribed. Optimizing antibiotic selection and implementing stewardship programs are crucial to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pneumonia poses a significant global health burden, especially in vulnerable populations.
  • Rational antibiotic selection is critical to improve treatment outcomes and combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze antibiotic prescribing patterns and utilization trends in pneumonia patients.
  • To identify areas for improvement in antibiotic therapy to mitigate AMR.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of 200 pneumonia patients at Vivekananda Hospital, India.
  • Data collection included demographics, lab values, and prescription patterns.
  • Analysis using descriptive statistics and World Health Organization prescribing indicators.

Main Results:

  • All prescriptions included at least one antibiotic, with 28.51% of drugs being antibiotics.
  • High prevalence of polypharmacy, with most prescriptions containing multiple antibiotics.
  • Azithromycin was the most prescribed antibiotic, showing potential overuse (9.85 DDD/1000/days).

Conclusions:

  • Urgent need to improve rational antibiotic prescribing, including generic use and culture sensitivity testing.
  • Implementation of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program is essential to optimize antibiotic use and reduce AMR development.

Keywords:
Pneumoniaantibioticsantimicrobial resistancedrug utilization evaluationprescribing indicators

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