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Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

Stabilizing Oxygen Framework in P3-Type Cathodes for Highly Reversible Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Xin-Yu Zhang¹, Wen-Ye Wang¹, Guang-Xu Wei¹

¹Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P.R. China.

|April 22, 2026

Summary

Cosubstitution with Zn2+ and Ti4+ stabilizes P3-layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries by preventing oxygen loss. This strategy enhances cycling stability and capacity retention, crucial for advanced battery performance.

Keywords:

P3 cathode co-substitution strategy high reversibility oxygen framework oxygen vacancies sodium-ion batteries

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A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

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Published on: February 13, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

P3-type layered oxides are promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
These materials suffer from voltage decay and capacity fading due to oxygen vacancies and oxygen loss during cycling.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a cosubstitution strategy to stabilize the oxygen framework of P3-Na0.67Ni0.25Mn0.75O2 cathode material.
To suppress oxygen vacancies and improve the overall electrochemical performance.

Main Methods:

Incorporation of Zn2+ and Ti4+ into the P3-Na0.67Ni0.25Mn0.75O2 structure.
Investigation of the effects of cosubstitution on oxygen stability, anionic overoxidation, and Mn3+ generation.
Electrochemical cycling tests to evaluate capacity retention and structural evolution.

Main Results:

Cosubstitution effectively stabilized the oxygen framework by suppressing anionic overoxidation and restraining oxygen vacancy formation and diffusion.
The Ti-O bonding anchored the oxygen sublattice, reducing Mn3+ generation and Jahn-Teller distortion.
The modified cathode demonstrated highly reversible structural evolution and retained 90.0% of its capacity after 50 cycles.

Conclusions:

Oxygen vacancy management through cosubstitution is an effective strategy for enhancing the stability of P3 cathodes.
The Zn2+/Ti4+ cosubstitution approach offers a pathway to achieve stable and high-performance sodium-ion batteries.