Embolic Agent Selection and Outcomes in Renal Angiomyolipoma Embolisation

Area of Science:

• Interventional Radiology
• Vascular Surgery
• Oncology

Background:

• Renal angiomyolipomas (r-AMLs) are benign tumors requiring treatment.
• Selective arterial embolisation (SAE) is a treatment option for r-AMLs.
• Embolic agent choice may impact SAE outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine if embolic agent selection affects outcomes after SAE for r-AMLs.
• To evaluate the safety and renal function impact of SAE for r-AMLs.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective observational study of r-AML SAEs (2015-2024).
• Primary outcome: tumor size change at 3-6 months post-procedure.
• Compared outcomes across microparticles, liquid agents, coils, and combined approaches.

Main Results:

• SAE achieved 91% technical success with 91% tumor size reduction (mean 1.75 cm).
• Liquid embolic agents showed greatest tumor reduction (2.4 cm) and 0% re-intervention.
• Coil-only embolisation had inferior outcomes and higher re-intervention rates; complications were minor (10%).

Conclusions:

• SAE is safe and effective for r-AMLs in elective and emergency cases.
• Liquid embolic agents provide optimal tumor reduction and low re-intervention.
• Coil-only embolisation is associated with poorer outcomes and should be avoided.