Calcium silicate cement with phosphate-based glass for enhanced osteogenic activity and mechanical strength

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Materials
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Calcium silicate cements (CSCs) are widely used in endodontics.
• Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) have shown potential in bone regeneration.
• Investigating PBG incorporation into CSCs could enhance their biological performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of incorporating phosphate-based glass (PBG) into Endocem MTA, a calcium silicate cement (CSC).
• To assess the effects on physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties for potential endodontic applications.

Main Methods:

• CSCs with 1 wt% and 3 wt% PBG were prepared.
• Physicochemical properties (setting time, ion release, pH) and mechanical strength were tested.
• Cytocompatibility, osteogenic gene expression, ALP activity, and biomineralization were assessed in vitro.

Main Results:

• 3 wt% PBG increased setting time and reduced compressive strength, forming brushite.
• 1 wt% PBG (CSP1) demonstrated superior cytocompatibility and enhanced osteogenic differentiation.
• CSP1 showed increased ALP activity and greater calcium deposition compared to control CSC.

Conclusions:

• Incorporating 1 wt% PBG into CSC enhances osteogenic activity.
• This modification shows potential for improved clinical application in endodontic treatments.
• PBG addition can augment the regenerative capacity of CSC materials.