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Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma in a 9-month-old child
Insights
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma is a severe condition requiring slow fluid correction to prevent seizures. This case highlights a rare, young survivor, emphasizing therapeutic challenges.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma (HHC) presents a higher mortality rate compared to hypernatremia or diabetic ketoacidosis.
- Evidence indicates that slow correction of hyperosmolarity is crucial across these conditions to mitigate seizure risk.
Abstract:
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma is a life-threatening emergency with a mortality much higher than that of other forms of hyperosmolarity such as hypernatremia or diabetic ketoacidosis. Despite the differences in the three conditions, present evidence suggests that correction of hyperosmolarity should proceed slowly to avoid the seizures that may occur in all three conditions. This report describes a 9-month-old diabetic child who initially had hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma and who is one of the youngest survivors of this syndrome in the American literature. This case report points out the limited understanding of the pathophysiology of this syndrome and the consequent problems of therapy.