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Care Pathways and Patient Experiences Among Patients With Post COVID-19 Condition: Study Protocol for a Mixed-Methods

Daniela Gesell1,2, Paula Lienesch2, Yanyan Shi2,3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, 81377, Germany.

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Summary

This study investigates healthcare utilization after COVID-19 in Bavaria, Germany, focusing on post COVID condition (PCC). Findings will identify barriers and inform improved care pathways for patients with long COVID symptoms.

Keywords:
PCCambulatory carehealthcare pathwayslong COVIDmixed-methodspatient experiencespost COVID condition

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacts healthcare utilization due to acute infection and persistent post COVID condition (PCC) symptoms.
  • Increased demand for medical services is observed for both acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and long COVID.
  • Understanding these utilization patterns is crucial for healthcare system planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically examine healthcare utilization in individuals after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in Bavaria, Germany.
  • To specifically investigate the healthcare needs and experiences of patients with post COVID condition (PCC).
  • To combine objective claims data with subjective patient experiences for a comprehensive understanding of care pathways.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods approach combining a retrospective cohort study with qualitative research.
  • Claims data analysis from the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KVB) using state sequence analysis.
  • Semistructured interviews and focus groups with patients experiencing PCC to explore subjective care experiences.

Main Results:

  • Study preparation and ethics approvals are complete, with 14 participants recruited for qualitative interviews.
  • Claims data analysis covers 2019-2022, and qualitative data collection is scheduled for May-August 2026.
  • Study findings are anticipated for publication between July 2026 and August 2027.

Conclusions:

  • Expected to enhance understanding of barriers and challenges in post-COVID care.
  • Aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for optimizing care pathways for patients with specific needs.
  • Will contribute to improving healthcare delivery for individuals with long COVID.