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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Quantification of Mouse Heart Left Ventricular Function, Myocardial Strain, and Hemodynamic Forces by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Published on: May 24, 2021

Evaluation of Third-Order Motion-Compensated Cardiac Diffusion Tensor Imaging Across Cardiac Phases Using an

Ke Wen^1,2,3, Pedro F Ferreira^1,2, Alberto Di Biase Oemick^2,4

¹National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

|April 22, 2026

Summary

Third-order motion-compensated spin echo (M3-MCSE) shows improved systolic cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (cDTI) but reduced diastolic performance compared to second-order MCSE (M2-MCSE). Ultra-high performance gradients enable this evaluation, with future work focusing on optimizing MCSE robustness.

Keywords:

cardiac DTI motion compensation ultra‐high‐performance gradient

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Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

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Published on: May 24, 2021

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Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring

Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring

Published on: December 9, 2010

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular MRI
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Cardiac Imaging

Background:

Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (cDTI) is crucial for assessing myocardial microstructure.
Motion artifacts significantly challenge cDTI acquisition, especially during the cardiac cycle.
Advanced motion compensation techniques are needed to improve image quality and diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate a novel third-order motion-compensated spin echo (M3-MCSE) sequence for cDTI.
To compare M3-MCSE performance against second-order MCSE (M2-MCSE) and stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) sequences.
To assess the impact of ultra-high performance (UHP) gradients on cDTI acquisition at multiple cardiac phases.

Main Methods:

Twenty healthy subjects underwent mid-ventricular short-axis cDTI at peak systole and diastasis using STEAM, M2-MCSE, and M3-MCSE on a 3T MRI scanner with UHP gradients.
cDTI metrics (e.g., fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, helix angle) and image quality were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed.
Diffusion-weighted images were acquired at varying trigger delays to evaluate motion-induced signal loss.

Main Results:

M3-MCSE demonstrated superior systolic helix angle map scores compared to M2-MCSE (p=0.007).
M3-MCSE showed reduced diastolic performance (lower scores, p=0.001) versus M2-MCSE, attributed to lower signal-to-noise ratio and longer motion-sensitive windows.
Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) from STEAM remained consistent, while MCSE sequences showed increased ADC at suboptimal trigger delays, indicating motion sensitivity.

Conclusions:

UHP gradients facilitate in vivo evaluation of M3-MCSE for cDTI.
M3-MCSE offers improved systolic cDTI but faces challenges in diastolic image quality compared to M2-MCSE.
Future research should focus on numerically optimized gradient designs to enhance MCSE robustness across the entire cardiac cycle.