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Immunogold Electron Microscopy

Immunogold Electron Microscopy

Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Analyzing Tumor and Tissue Distribution of Target Antigen Specific Therapeutic Antibody

Analyzing Tumor and Tissue Distribution of Target Antigen Specific Therapeutic Antibody

Published on: May 16, 2020

Quantitative Spatial Profiling of Antibody Delivery and Target Engagement Using Optically Labeled Antibodies.

Hidenori Tanaka¹, Georgii Vasiukov², Candace J Grisham²

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee hidenori.tanaka@vumc.org e.rosenthal@vumc.org.

Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine

|April 22, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method to visualize drug distribution in human tumors, enabling single-cell analysis of therapeutic antibody delivery and pharmacodynamics in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.

Keywords:

drug delivery multiplex immunofluorescence optically labeled therapeutic antibody window-of-opportunity trial

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Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

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Published on: February 3, 2015

Area of Science:

Oncology
Biomedical Imaging
Pharmacology

Background:

Visualizing drug distribution in human tumors is essential for optimizing biologic therapeutics.
Current clinical methods struggle to colocalize drugs and biomarkers on the same tissue section.
Accurate visualization is key for understanding drug pharmacodynamics and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a reproducible workflow for visualizing drug distribution and biomarker colocalization in human tumors.
To enable quantitative, single-cell analysis of therapeutic antibody delivery and pharmacodynamics.
To overcome limitations of current clinical workflows in analyzing drug-tissue interactions.

Main Methods:

Integration of near-infrared imaging of optically labeled antibodies with multiplex immunostaining.
Utilizing computational registration for precise spatial alignment of imaging data.
Development of a reproducible workflow for analyzing formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections.

Main Results:

Demonstrated heterogeneous accumulation of panitumumab-IRDye800CW in epidermal growth factor receptor-positive tumor regions.
Quantified drug penetration gradients in relation to tumor architecture.
Enabled single-cell level analysis of drug distribution and target engagement.

Conclusions:

Established a multiplex imaging platform for analyzing therapeutic antibody delivery in FFPE human tumors.
The platform facilitates single-cell analysis of drug pharmacodynamics and delivery.
This approach enhances the understanding of biologic therapeutic distribution and efficacy in oncology.