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Optimizing PET/CT and SPECT/CT in infection imaging: Acquisition, interpretation, and pitfalls
Elite Arnon-Sheleg1, Zohar Keidar2
1Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Radiology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, and the Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
None:
The adoption of hybrid imaging, including F18-FDG PET/CT and radiolabeled leukocyte (WBC) SPECT/CT, has revolutionized the diagnosis and management of complex infectious diseases. Following the successful precedent of harmonization in oncology, the field of infection imaging is undergoing a similar transformation from subjective visual assessment to a multiparametric, quantitative, and standardized approach. This review provides a comprehensive roadmap for molecular imaging-from patient selection to integrated interpretation strategies that leverage the synergy between functional data and morphological CT hallmarks and explores various diagnostic pitfalls encompassing pharmacological interference, technical artifacts, and biological mimickers. Finally, structured reporting is highlighted as a vital tool for communicating actionable, evidence-based data to the multidisciplinary team, ultimately improving diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes in the era of personalized medicine.
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