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Measurement of Fluid Pressure01:16

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Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition
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Calorimetric differential pressure sensor with high sensitivity for hydrodynamic perception.

Yudong Cao1, Zhiqiang Ma1, Hui Kang1

  • 1Insitute of Bionic and Micro-nano Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China.

Microsystems & Nanoengineering
|April 22, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new high-sensitivity calorimetric differential pressure sensor improves underwater robotics navigation. This sensor enhances hydrodynamic perception, enabling accurate obstacle recognition and precise control in challenging aquatic environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Intelligent navigation and control of underwater robotics depend on accurate hydrodynamic information.
  • Existing diaphragm-based differential pressure sensors have limited resolution for effective hydrodynamic perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-sensitivity calorimetric differential pressure sensor for enhanced hydrodynamic perception in underwater robotics.
  • To demonstrate the sensor's capability in estimating velocity and yaw angle and recognizing underwater obstacles.

Main Methods:

  • Designing a novel calorimetric differential pressure sensor with components on cantilever beams.
  • Integrating an array of three sensors into an underwater robotic model.
  • Utilizing hydrodynamic variations, specifically Kármán vortex street, for obstacle detection.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an underwater differential pressure resolution of 18.9 mPa with 0.38% repeatability standard deviation.
  • Simultaneously estimated velocity and yaw angle with average errors of 2.9 mm·s⁻¹ and 0.94°, respectively.
  • Recognized underwater obstacles with 97.5% accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed high-sensitivity calorimetric differential pressure sensor significantly advances hydrodynamic perception for underwater robotics.
  • The sensor enables precise underwater flow sensing, navigation, and control, with potential applications in obstacle avoidance.