Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in Adults: Beyond Anatomy: A Cardiologist's Guide

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Congenital Heart Disease
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is a congenital heart defect where pulmonary veins connect abnormally.
• Historically diagnosed in childhood, advances in imaging now detect PAPVR more frequently in adults.
• Adult presentations vary, from asymptomatic findings to significant heart dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a clinically focused overview of PAPVR in adults.
• To detail diagnostic imaging modalities and hemodynamic evaluation.
• To review current management strategies and special clinical scenarios.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of existing literature.
• Emphasis on multimodality imaging (echocardiography, CT, MRI).
• Discussion of hemodynamic assessment (right-heart catheterization) and risk stratification.

Main Results:

• Adult PAPVR diagnosis is rising due to improved imaging.
• Delayed diagnosis can lead to progressive cardiac remodeling and pulmonary hypertension.
• Various surgical and transcatheter interventions are available.

Conclusions:

• Accurate diagnosis via multimodality imaging is key for adults with PAPVR.
• Timely intervention can prevent long-term complications.
• A comprehensive approach integrating diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up is essential for managing adult PAPVR.