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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

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Next-generation radar bed measurements should be optimized for assimilation or repeat-pass profiling.

Dustin M Schroeder1, Ellianna Abrahams2, Anna L Broome3

  • 1Department of Geophysics and Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|April 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Next-generation ice-penetrating radar surveys should prioritize repeat-pass profiles of bed echo power and englacial layer echo phase. This approach enhances subglacial water body detection, crucial for understanding ice-sheet dynamics.

Keywords:
ice penetrating radarice sheetsremote sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Glaciology
  • Remote Sensing

Background:

  • Ice-penetrating radar is essential for glaciological bed echo observation.
  • Past surveys prioritized unexplored areas, limiting repeated radar soundings.
  • Advancements in radar technology offer new survey design possibilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore opportunities presented by new radar technologies for next-generation ice-sheet bed measurements.
  • To advocate for repeat-pass profiles of bed echo power and englacial layer echo phase as key future observation priorities.
  • To evaluate the detectability of subglacial water bodies, including grounding zone ocean intrusion, using repeat-pass surveys.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of opportunities from advanced radar sounding instruments, platforms, and analysis approaches.
  • Evaluation of repeat-pass survey capabilities for detecting subglacial water bodies.
  • Discussion of implications for instrument, platform, and survey choices for combined mapping and repeat-pass surveys.

Main Results:

  • Repeat-pass profiles of bed echo power and englacial layer echo phase are identified as crucial for future observations.
  • Detectability of subglacial water bodies, including grounding zone ocean intrusion, is assessed for repeat-pass surveys.
  • Distinct implications for instrument, platform, and survey design are discussed for integrating mapping and repeat-pass strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Future ice-sheet bed measurements should focus on repeat-pass radar sounding for enhanced data.
  • Repeat-pass surveys are vital for detecting subglacial water and understanding ice-sheet changes.
  • Optimized survey designs combining mapping and repeat-pass approaches are essential for advancing glaciological research.