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Decoding the OR Black Box and Similar Technologies and Considerations in Otolaryngologic Surgery
Selene C Li1, Andrew Bain1, Donald Tan1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA.
Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
|April 23, 2026
Summary
Multimodal Operating-room Data Acquisition and Leveraging (MODAL) systems capture intraoperative data to enhance surgical safety and efficiency, particularly in otolaryngology. Further development and standardization are needed for full benefit realization.
Area of Science:
- Medical Informatics
- Surgical Technology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Intraoperative data capture is evolving with multimodal technologies.
- Multimodal Operating-room Data Acquisition and Leveraging (MODAL) systems integrate diverse data sources.
- Standardization of terminology and implementation is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce the concept and framework of MODAL systems.
- To describe the role of these technologies in otolaryngology.
- To synthesize current evidence on intraoperative data-gathering technologies.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of current evidence and developments.
- Introduction of the MODAL systems framework.
- Integration of data from surgical equipment, physiologic monitors, EHRs, and audiovisual sources.
Main Results:
- MODAL systems enable systematic OR data collection for improved surgical safety, quality, and efficiency.
- Otolaryngology is well-suited for MODAL adoption due to video-intensive procedures.
- Value demonstrated in checklist compliance, education, and safety analysis, with potential for AI integration.
Conclusions:
- MODAL systems show promise, especially in video-intensive otolaryngology subspecialties.
- Realizing full benefits requires institutional policy, governance, and refinement.
- Evolving capabilities necessitate careful planning and collaboration.
