Factors influencing participation in nursing research among clinical nurses in Nigeria: a qualitative study

Research is essential for evidence-based nursing practice. However, in low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, clinical nurses face multiple barriers to engaging in research, emphasis on research-informed care, and recognition of the need for culturally specific nursing research.

This study examined factors influencing clinical nurses' research involvement in Nigerian practice settings, guided by Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory.

A qualitative Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach was used. Data were gathered via in-depth semi-structured interviews with 28 clinical nurses at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Thematic analysis was informed by Social Cognitive Theory.

Three major themes were identified: (1) lack of cultural recognition and structural barriers, including systemic constraints and weak organisational leadership; (2) profession-related barriers, such as low research confidence, perceived irrelevance to clinical work, and motivation tied to academic demands and (3) practice-related barriers, involving peer influence, a weak nursing research culture, and shift work challenges. These factors impact nurses' attitudes, motivation, and ability to participate in research.

Clinical nurses' research participation is hindered by structural, personal, and organisational barriers. Enhancing institutional support, research training, mentorship, and accommodating work environments can improve engagement. Building research self-efficacy and fostering a culture that rewards research may further sustain involvement.