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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Engineering antibody-armed oncolytic viruses: design strategies, synergistic mechanisms, and clinical translation

Xiaozhen Kang1, Xue Yang2, Hui Wu3

  • 1Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Zero Magnetic Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|April 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) can be engineered to deliver therapeutic antibodies directly to tumors, enhancing cancer treatment specificity. This approach aims to improve efficacy and reduce side effects associated with traditional antibody therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Therapeutic antibodies are crucial for cancer treatment but cause systemic toxicity due to off-target effects.
  • Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively target and destroy tumor cells, offering a potential solution for localized drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the use of oncolytic viruses for engineered antibody delivery in cancer therapy.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing tumor-specific antibody expression and synergistic therapeutic effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of biological properties of OVs.
  • Analysis of strategies for engineering OV antibody payloads.
  • Examination of the interplay between OV-induced oncolysis and anti-tumor immunity.

Main Results:

  • OVs enable localized antibody expression within the tumor microenvironment.
  • Engineered OVs enhance therapeutic specificity and combine oncolytic and immune-mediated effects.
  • This approach promises improved tumor-targeted efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic virus-mediated antibody delivery is a promising strategy for cancer biotherapy.
  • Optimizing OV engineering and understanding OV-immune interplay are key for clinical translation.
  • This approach offers potential for more effective and safer cancer treatments.
Keywords:
antibody deliverycombination (combined) therapyoncolytic virusestherapeutic antibodiestumor micro environment (TME)

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