Back pain and spinal conditions in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Unveiling public awareness

Low back pain (LBP) is a major global health concern and a leading cause of disability. Despite its high prevalence, public knowledge about its causes, risk factors, and management remains inadequate. Understanding public awareness is crucial for developing targeted educational interventions to reduce its burden.

This study aimed to assess the general public's knowledge and awareness of LBP and spinal disorders in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 610 adults in Riyadh using a validated online questionnaire. The survey evaluated participants' knowledge regarding LBP causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test, with statistical significance set at P ≤ 0.05.

Overall, 70.2% of participants demonstrated poor knowledge of LBP, while only 29.8% exhibited a good level of awareness. Many participants held misconceptions about LBP diagnosis and treatment, with a significant proportion believing that X-rays are always necessary and that bed rest is the most effective management strategy. Preventive measures were also poorly understood, as only 34.7% recognized the importance of routine spine protection. No significant associations were found between LBP knowledge and demographic factors, including age, gender, education, and income.

Public awareness of LBP in Riyadh remains insufficient, with widespread misconceptions about its causes, management, and prevention. These knowledge gaps highlight the need for targeted educational campaigns to improve understanding and encourage evidence-based self-care strategies. Integrating spine health education into public health initiatives and digital platforms may enhance awareness and reduce the long-term burden of LBP.