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Related Concept Videos

Cycloalkanes02:28

Cycloalkanes

14.1K
Cycloalkanes are saturated cyclic hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in the form of rings. They have two fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding acyclic alkane; therefore, their general formula is CnH2n. The structural formulas of cycloalkanes are simplified using the line-angle representation. The regular polygons are used to represent the cycloalkane rings, with each side representing a carbon-carbon bond.
The IUPAC nomenclature of cycloalkanes follows similar rules that apply to...
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[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

7.6K
The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
7.6K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

1.8K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
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Conformations of Cycloalkanes02:29

Conformations of Cycloalkanes

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Adolf von Baeyer attempted to explain the instabilities of small and large cycloalkane rings using the concept of angle strain — the strain caused by the deviation of bond angles from the ideal 109.5° tetrahedral value for sp3  hybridized carbons. However, while cyclopropane and cyclobutane are strained, as expected from their highly compressed bond angles, cyclopentane is more strained than predicted, and cyclohexane is virtually strain-free. Hence, Baeyer’s theory that...
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Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes02:30

Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes

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This lesson discusses the stability of substituted cyclohexanes with a focus on energies of various conformers and the effect of 1,3-diaxial interactions.
The two chair conformations of cyclohexanes undergo rapid interconversion at room temperature. Both forms have identical energies and stabilities, each comprising equal amounts of the equilibrium mixture. Replacing a hydrogen atom with a functional group makes the two conformations energetically non-equivalent.
For example, in...
13.2K
Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview01:16

Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview

2.3K
Cycloadditions are one of the most valuable and effective synthesis routes to form cyclic compounds. These are concerted pericyclic reactions between two unsaturated compounds resulting in a cyclic product with two new σ bonds formed at the expense of π bonds. The [4 + 2] cycloaddition, known as the Diels–Alder reaction, is the most common. The other example is a [2 + 2] cycloaddition.
2.3K

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Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

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A trifunctional cyclohexasilane for branched poly(cyclosilane)s.

Marissa G Coschigano1, Eric A Marro1, Ruoxi Li1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. klausen@jhu.edu.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|April 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Branched poly(cyclosilane)s, a type of inorganic-organic polymer, show reduced volatilization during pyrolysis. This property makes them promising preceramic polymers for advanced material applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Poly(cyclosilane)s are hybrid inorganic-organic polymers featuring an all Si-Si backbone.
  • These polymers contain repeating cyclohexasilane units with methyl and hydro side chains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and study branched poly(cyclosilane)s.
  • To investigate the effect of branching on polymer properties, particularly during pyrolysis.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a densely functionalized cyclosilane with three-fold symmetry.
  • Copolymerization studies to introduce variable amounts of branching.
  • Pyrolysis experiments in an inert atmosphere to assess volatilization.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized branched poly(cyclosilane)s with controlled branching.
  • Demonstrated that branching significantly reduces volatilization during pyrolysis.
  • Identified a correlation between polymer structure and thermal stability.

Conclusions:

  • Branched poly(cyclosilane)s exhibit enhanced thermal stability due to reduced volatilization.
  • These novel polymers show significant potential as preceramic materials.
  • The findings open avenues for designing tailored polymers for high-temperature applications.