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Related Concept Videos

Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...

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Demographic and morphological characteristics of combined pelvic and acetabular injuries: a critical study for surgeons specializing in pelvic and acetabular procedures.

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Development of the D-FLLIP classification for ipsilateral floating hip and knee injuries.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position
06:58

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position

Published on: August 17, 2017

Development of the D-FLLIP classification for ipsilateral floating hip and knee injuries.

M A Altamirano-Cruz1, F Hernández-Aceves2, S Q Rodríguez-Lara3

  • 1UMAE Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente IMSS, Encargado del Módulo de Politrauma, Pelvis y Acetábulo, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.

Revista Espanola De Cirugia Ortopedica Y Traumatologia
|April 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The Diagnostic Floating Lower Limb Ipsilateral Protocol (D-FLLIP) offers a new grading system for severe leg injuries, improving early assessment and management of complex fractures. This tool shows promise in predicting patient outcomes and guiding treatment decisions for floating lower limb trauma.

Keywords:
Cadera flotanteCadera y rodilla flotantes ipsilateralesClasificaciónClassificationDouble floating extremityExtremidad flotante dobleExtremidad inferior flotanteFloating hipFloating kneeFloating lower limbIpsilateral floating hip and kneeRodilla flotante

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In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position
06:58

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position

Published on: August 17, 2017

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C-arm-Free Simultaneous OLIF51 and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation in a Single Lateral Position

Published on: September 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Floating lower limb (FLL) is a rare, high-energy trauma involving pelvic, femoral, and tibial fractures.
  • It presents complex limb-threatening physiology requiring precise triage and surgical planning.
  • A standardized diagnostic framework is needed to improve early management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate the Diagnostic Floating Lower Limb Ipsilateral Protocol (D-FLLIP).
  • D-FLLIP serves as an ordinal severity classification and decision-support tool for FLL injuries.
  • To assess its preliminary efficacy in a clinical setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 28 FLL patients (2018-2023) at a tertiary trauma center.
  • Patients were graded I-V using D-FLLIP based on fracture domains and soft-tissue status.
  • Statistical analyses compared D-FLLIP grades with clinical outcomes like ICU stay, lactate levels, and acute complications.

Main Results:

  • D-FLLIP grade distribution showed a higher prevalence of grades I and II.
  • Higher D-FLLIP grades correlated with increased ICU length of stay, peak lactate, and risk of vascular injury or amputation.
  • The protocol demonstrated moderate discrimination for acute complications (AUC ≈ 0.69).

Conclusions:

  • D-FLLIP provides a pragmatic, standardized framework for assessing FLL injury severity.
  • The protocol aligns with clinical outcomes, including ICU utilization and limb-threat events.
  • Further prospective multicenter validation is recommended to refine clinical implementation.