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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

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Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
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Lifecycle of Erythrocytes01:22

Lifecycle of Erythrocytes

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Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, constantly move through blood capillaries. As a result, they damage their plasma membrane due to the continuous friction. Typically, after 100 to 120 days, erythrocytes become rigid and fragile as they wear out. As they pass through small vessels in the spleen and liver, they can get trapped and break apart into fragments.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups....
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Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
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Erythropoiesis01:14

Erythropoiesis

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Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia,...
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Erythropoiesis01:14

Erythropoiesis

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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
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Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols

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[Packed red blood cells-Avoidable risks and complications].

Thomas Frietsch1,2, Dania Fischer3,4

  • 1Interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgemeinschaft für klinische Hämotherapie IAKH, Domitianstr. 15, 68526, Ladenburg, Deutschland. Frietsch@iakh.de.

Die Anaesthesiologie
|April 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Packed red blood cells (PRBC) transfusions are vital but carry risks due to administration errors. Improving patient safety requires addressing issues like product mix-ups and incorrect dosing through better processes and patient blood management.

Keywords:
Blood transfusionDigital decision supportHemoglobinPatient safetyTransfusion reaction

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Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Patient Safety
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Packed red blood cells (PRBC) are essential therapeutics but pose significant risks.
  • Administration errors compromise the safety of high-quality PRBC products.
  • Physician decisions must balance product risks with administration safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key problem areas in the clinical use of PRBCs.
  • To highlight the underestimation of PRBC overdosing risks.
  • To emphasize the need for enhanced patient safety measures in PRBC transfusions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical use of PRBCs.
  • Analysis of adverse events related to PRBC administration.
  • Identification of common errors including product confusion, undertransfusion, and overtransfusion.

Main Results:

  • Hemolytic transfusion reactions occur due to process or identification errors.
  • Logistical issues and misjudgement lead to undertransfusion.
  • Overreliance on hemoglobin triggers and guideline non-adherence contribute to overtransfusion.
  • The risk of PRBC overdosing is frequently underestimated.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of adverse events are application-related and preventable.
  • Technical safeguards, digitalization, structured processes, and patient blood management are crucial.
  • Implementing these measures is essential for increasing patient safety during PRBC transfusions.