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Migration00:53

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Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike Lanius Ludovicianus Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern
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Molting Strategy Influences Vulnerability to Climate Change in Migratory Birds.

Paul J Dougherty, Ryan S Terrill, Matthew D Carling

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    Climate change impacts bird molting. Shifts in precipitation due to human activity are causing population declines in western North American birds by disrupting resource availability during feather replacement.

    Keywords:
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    Area of Science:

    • Ecology
    • Climate Change Biology
    • Ornithology

    Background:

    • Molting is a critical annual process for birds, essential for fitness.
    • Threats to birds during the molting period are not well understood.
    • Anthropogenic climate change is altering precipitation patterns globally.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how anthropogenic shifts in precipitation affect bird populations molting in southwestern North America.
    • To determine if intraspecific variation in molting location influences resilience to precipitation changes.
    • To assess the relationship between precipitation variability sensitivity and population trends.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of long-term climate data and bird occurrence records (eBird).
    • Examination of intraspecific variation in molting locations.
    • Statistical modeling to associate precipitation patterns with population trends.

    Main Results:

    • Intraspecific variation in molting location offers some resistance to precipitation variability.
    • Molt-migrant bird populations declined significantly after weak and late monsoons.
    • Sensitivity to precipitation variation is linked to recent population declines in western North American birds.

    Conclusions:

    • Current precipitation variability, driven by anthropogenic climate change, is insufficient to buffer many bird populations during molt.
    • Deviations from historical precipitation regimes threaten resource availability, increasing mortality and impacting bird self-maintenance.
    • Anthropogenic shifts in resource availability during molt represent an overlooked threat to avian biodiversity.