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Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline Hydrochloride via Synergistic Mechanisms Using CTAB-Modified Bentonite-Supported
Pengyu Liu1, Jiaming Yan1, Bin Gao1
1School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, "Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Water Resource Comprehensive Utilization in Cold and Arid Regions", Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China.
Abstract:
This study developed a composite material using organically modified bentonite as a carrier for zerovalent aluminum (ZVAl) to create an integrated adsorption-oxidation-reduction system for treating tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) wastewater. The unique lamellar structure and abundant hydrophobic functional groups of organic bentonite effectively prevent ZVAl particle agglomeration, while partially isolating ZVAl from water contact, thus minimizing side reactions and significantly enhancing ZVAl stability. Through systematic optimization, the optimal conditions were determined as follows: 1.09 g dosage, 42.08% loading rate, pH 3.39, and 50°C reaction temperature. Under these conditions, TCH achieved remarkable removal efficiencies of 96.06%, representing a 40.3% improvement over pure ZVAl. Kinetic and isotherm analyses confirmed the process follows pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich model. Free radical quenching experiments confirmed that ·OH radicals are the primary oxidative species. In conclusion, organic bentonite loaded with ZVAl represents an effective and promising material for the treatment of recalcitrant organic wastewater.
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