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Updated: Apr 25, 2026

A Dual-Functional Electroactive Filter Towards Simultaneously SbIII Oxidation and Sequestration
Published on: December 5, 2019
Continuous-flow pyrrhotite-persulphate system for synchronous groundwater sulfamethoxazole-hexavalent chromium
Chunyang Li1, Qifeng Fan1, Hui Li1
1School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Abstract:
Groundwater co-contamination by sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) poses severe environmental risks, but the impact of hydrogeological conditions (e.g., saturation) on remediation efficiency remains unclear. Herein, we developed a pyrrhotite (Fe7S8)-persulfate (PS) continuous-flow system for synchronous removal of SMX and Cr(VI), and systematically investigated the effects of saturation (Sw), soil permeability, and water table fluctuations. Unsaturated conditions (Sw = 0.58) enhanced ·OH generation by 273% (vs. saturated Sw = 1) and induced formation of new secondary mineral Fe2O3, boosting Cr(VI) reaction rate by 30.9% and SMX adsorption by over 50%. The system achieved SMX degradation into low-toxic intermediates and effective Cr(VI) immobilization (as Cr(III)) via reactive oxygen species-mineral synergy. A coupled Hydrus-COMSOL model accurately predicted pollutant plume evolution, showing 65.0% Cr(VI) flux reduction in high-permeability soils. Water-table fluctuations weakened Cr(VI) retardation but the system maintained stable performance. This study provides mechanistic insights and practical strategies for remediating complex groundwater pollution under realistic hydrogeological conditions.
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