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Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

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Published on: June 29, 2013

Cardiac Function in Fetal Growth Restriction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alice D'Amico¹, Francesco D'Antonio¹, Lorenza Della Valle¹

¹Center for Fetal Care and High-Risk Pregnancy, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.

Prenatal Diagnosis

|April 23, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is linked to altered fetal heart geometry and function. Fetuses with FGR showed smaller cardiac sphericity indices and reduced systolic function markers like MAPSE and TAPSE.

Keywords:

cardiac function echocardiography fetal growth restriction myocardial performance index

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Fetal Medicine
Neonatology

Background:

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects a significant number of pregnancies.
Cardiac function assessment in fetuses with FGR is crucial for understanding long-term outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare cardiac function in fetuses with and without fetal growth restriction (FGR).
To analyze differences in cardiac geometry, systolic, diastolic, and global function between these groups.

Main Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline and Embase.
Meta-analyses included 15 studies comparing pregnancies with and without FGR (Delphi criteria).
Cardiovascular parameters assessed included sphericity index (SI), cardiac output (CO), atrioventricular plane displacement (MAPSE, TAPSE), E/A ratio, and myocardial performance index (MPI).

Main Results:

Fetuses with FGR exhibited smaller right and left sphericity indices (SI).
Reduced systolic function was observed, indicated by shorter MAPSE and TAPSE.
Left myocardial performance index (MPI) was significantly higher in fetuses with FGR, suggesting impaired global function.

Conclusions:

Fetal growth restriction is associated with significant alterations in fetal cardiac geometry.
FGR impacts fetal cardiac systolic and global function, as evidenced by specific echocardiographic markers.