Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation01:12

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

1.7K
Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
1.7K
Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview01:16

Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview

2.3K
Cycloadditions are one of the most valuable and effective synthesis routes to form cyclic compounds. These are concerted pericyclic reactions between two unsaturated compounds resulting in a cyclic product with two new σ bonds formed at the expense of π bonds. The [4 + 2] cycloaddition, known as the Diels–Alder reaction, is the most common. The other example is a [2 + 2] cycloaddition.
2.3K
Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism01:18

Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism

1.9K
Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...
1.9K
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

1.4K
The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
1.4K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

6.8K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
6.8K
Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Mechanism01:10

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Mechanism

3.7K
Cyanohydrins are formed when cyanide nucleophiles and carbonyl compounds like aldehydes and ketones react. A strong base, the cyanide ion, catalyzes cyanohydrin formation. The ions are generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. Once the cyanide ions are generated, the first step involves the nucleophilic attack of the cyanide ions on the electrophilic carbonyl carbon. This attack shifts the π electrons from the C=O to the oxygen atom forming the alkoxide ion intermediate. The alkoxide...
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mild and Sustainable Synthesis of Li<sub>15</sub>Si<sub>4</sub> as Lithium-Compensation Additive for High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Temporin-Derived Peptides Protect Mice against Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 Infection by Inhibiting Inflammation and Enhancing the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier.

ACS infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Alleviate Bone Cancer Pain by Modulating Microglial Polarization: Involvement of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.

Journal of integrative neuroscience·2026
Same author

Correction: Targeting fibroblast activation protein-α to treat renal fibrosis.

Cellular & molecular biology letters·2026
Same author

Explainable deep learning for healthcare workforce attrition: a methodological study on the Watson healthcare synthetic benchmark.

Frontiers in public health·2026
Same author

Rapid and Continuous Directed Evolution in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i> Utilizing an <i>In Vivo</i> Hypermutation System.

ACS synthetic biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS
06:34

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS

Published on: June 20, 2014

13.6K

Catalyst-Free, Divergent Cysteine Modification via Indole Isocyanide Photochemistry.

Han Wei1,2, Guanghe Zhu1,2, Ruiying Zhu1,2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|April 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel, catalyst-free photochemical method for modifying cysteine residues using indole isocyanides. This versatile platform enables diverse bioconjugation for drug discovery and chemical biology applications.

Keywords:
cysteineindole isocyanidephotochemistryproteomics

More Related Videos

[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
09:12

[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: May 21, 2019

8.8K
Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions
07:12

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions

Published on: July 17, 2020

5.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS
06:34

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS

Published on: June 20, 2014

13.6K
[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
09:12

[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: May 21, 2019

8.8K
Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions
07:12

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions

Published on: July 17, 2020

5.7K

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Biology
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Chemoselective cysteine modification is crucial for chemical biology and drug discovery.
  • Existing photochemical methods often require exogenous catalysts, complicating purification and limiting conjugate diversity.
  • There is a need for efficient, versatile, and catalyst-free strategies for cysteine modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an additive/catalyst-free, visible-light-driven platform for divergent cysteine modification.
  • To explore the utility of indole isocyanide photochemistry for creating diverse indole-fused or indole-spiro aza-cycles.
  • To demonstrate the application of this platform in peptide/protein modification, cyclic peptide synthesis, PROTAC assembly, and chemical proteomics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized indole isocyanide photochemistry under visible light irradiation.
  • Developed a catalyst-free and additive-free reaction system.
  • Applied the method to solution-phase and solid-phase synthesis, including peptides, proteins, and PROTACs.
  • Employed chemical proteomics with an indole isocyanide-based photoprobe for target identification.

Main Results:

  • Achieved catalyst-free, visible-light-driven cysteine modification with high efficiency and biocompatibility.
  • Generated a diverse range of indole-fused and indole-spiro aza-cycles.
  • Demonstrated successful application in synthesizing cyclic peptides and assembling proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs).
  • Identified a novel allosteric inhibition strategy for the phosphatase PPP5C through selective cysteine modification.

Conclusions:

  • Established a robust and versatile platform for cysteine modification via indole isocyanide photochemistry.
  • The method offers operational simplicity, excellent biocompatibility, and flexibility for various applications.
  • Uncovered a new druggable pocket and allosteric inhibition mechanism for PPP5C, advancing therapeutic discovery.