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Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
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Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates

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Early venous thrombus resolution in neonates/infants: retrospective review of a 20-year single institution experience

Elizabeth Yan1,2,3, Mary Bauman1,2,3, Leanne Meakins1,2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|April 24, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal and infant deep vein thrombosis (DVT) often resolves within 2-4 weeks. Shorter anticoagulation may reduce bleeding risks in pediatric patients with DVT, guided by early ultrasound screening.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Neonatal Thrombosis Management
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Neonatal and infant venous thromboembolism (VTE) management differs from adults due to developmental hemostasis.
  • Balancing anticoagulation benefits (thrombus resolution, preventing recurrence) against bleeding risks is crucial.
  • Recent evidence supports shorter anticoagulation courses for pediatric VTE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review outcomes of neonatal and young infant deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
  • To evaluate thrombus resolution times and recurrence rates with standard anticoagulation and early ultrasound.
  • To inform optimal anticoagulation duration and reduce bleeding risks in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 151 patients (≤3 months of age) with DVT between 2003-2025.
  • Exclusion of arterial, superficial, portal, and renal vein thrombi.
  • Analysis of ultrasound findings at 2-4 weeks postdiagnosis to guide anticoagulation cessation.

Main Results:

  • 179 DVTs identified in 151 patients; median resolution time was 28 days.
  • Significant thrombus resolution observed by 2 weeks (16.8%) and 4 weeks (28.5%).
  • Upper limb and partially occlusive DVTs resolved earlier; 1-year recurrence rate was low (3.4%).

Conclusions:

  • A substantial proportion of DVTs in infants (≤3 months) resolve within 2-4 weeks.
  • Early ultrasound screening (2-4 weeks) can help limit anticoagulation duration.
  • This approach may reduce potential bleeding risks associated with prolonged anticoagulation in pediatric DVT.
Abstract

Keywords:
anticoagulationdeep vein thrombosisinfantneonatevenous thromboembolism

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