Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Orthopaedics

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming pediatric orthopedics by harnessing the power of technology to address the unique challenges associated with the growing musculoskeletal system and to adapt to modern healthcare delivery models.

This article reviews the literature on recent advancements in AI impacting paediatric orthopedic practices and summarizes our own experience in the development and application of AI in pediatric orthopedics.

AI-driven imaging techniques, such as automated ultrasound analysis, have significantly improved screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) by enhancing accuracy and accessibility while minimizing radiation exposure. Similarly, machine learning has automated and improved diagnostic precision in complex assessments like bone age determination. In surgical planning, AI-powered robotic systems have optimized spinal instrumentation placement, reduced complications and enhance procedural accuracy. AI-based predictive modeling allows surgeons to develop personalized operative strategies through detailed 3D modeling and simulation, critical for pediatric deformity correction. Remote gait analysis via wearable sensors and smartphone-based video analytics facilitates continuous monitoring, personalized rehabilitation, and early complication detection. Clinical workflow efficiency is improved through AI-enhanced documentation, virtual assistants, and scheduling optimization tools.

AI promises substantial benefits for pediatric orthopedic care. Integration allows for more precise diagnosis, treatment personalization, and positive long-term patient outcomes. Ongoing research should focus on clinical adoption strategies and expanding the scope of conditions to which the technology can be applied to maximize the benefit of AI in pediatric orthopedics.