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Periodontal Disease and Risk of Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
German Valenzuela-Rodríguez1,2, Carlos Diaz-Arocutipa2, Frank Mayta-Tovalino2
1Internal Medicine and Cardiology Services, Clinica Delgado, Lima, Peru.
International Journal of Dentistry
|April 24, 2026
Summary
Periodontal disease is linked to a higher risk of heart failure. This systematic review of cohort studies found a significant association, but more research is needed to confirm the link.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Oral Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory condition.
- A potential link between PD and heart failure (HF) risk has been suggested but requires further investigation.
- Existing evidence on the association between PD and HF is inconclusive.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and evaluate the association between periodontal disease and heart failure risk.
- To synthesize findings from existing cohort studies on PD and HF.
- To assess the quality of evidence regarding the PD-HF relationship.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
- Searches conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science up to October 2024.
- Included seven cohort studies (n=376,166) with risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
Main Results:
- Periodontal disease was associated with an increased risk of heart failure (crude RR 1.58, 95% CI 1.20-2.07, p < 0.01).
- Four of the seven included studies were classified as low risk of bias.
- Significant heterogeneity was observed across the included studies.
Conclusions:
- Findings suggest a potential association between periodontal disease and an elevated risk of heart failure.
- The limited number of studies and observed heterogeneity necessitate cautious interpretation of results.
- High-quality, longitudinal studies are recommended to further elucidate the PD-HF relationship and underlying mechanisms.
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