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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

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The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
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The Vestibular System01:29

The Vestibular System

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The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
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The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

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Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this...
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Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

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Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Surgical Induction of Endolymphatic Hydrops by Obliteration of the Endolymphatic Duct
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Does endolymphatic hydrops affect cochlear and vestibular nerve volumes? An MRI-based morphometric study.

Anne R J Péporté1, Joana Kostova1, Gustav Andreisek2,3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Frauenfeld, Frauenfeld, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Neurology
|April 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Endolymphatic hydrops (EH) severity does not significantly alter cochlear or vestibular nerve volumes on MRI. High-resolution MRI may have limited sensitivity for detecting EH-related nerve changes or correlating them with symptoms.

Keywords:
Ménière diseasecochlear nerve volumeendolymphatic hydropsmagnetic resonance imagingnerve morphometryvestibular nerve volume

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Endolymphatic hydrops (EH) is a condition characterized by fluid imbalance in the inner ear.
  • Understanding the structural changes associated with EH severity is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between endolymphatic hydrops (EH) severity and volumetric changes in cochlear and vestibular nerves.
  • To assess associations between EH severity and clinical audiovestibular symptoms using high-resolution MRI.

Main Methods:

  • 108 patients with confirmed EH underwent 3T MRI for volumetric nerve measurements.
  • Nerve volumes were compared across EH grades and between affected/unaffected ears.
  • Associations with hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, and aural fullness were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in cochlear or vestibular nerve volumes were found across EH grades.
  • No significant differences in cochlear nerve volume were observed between affected and unaffected ears in unilateral cases.
  • EH severity did not significantly correlate with the prevalence of reported symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • MRI-assessed nerve volumes do not significantly correlate with EH severity or clinical symptoms.
  • Volumetric MRI may have limited sensitivity as a biomarker for EH.
  • Further research exploring alternative MRI markers is warranted.