Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.8K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.8K
Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

1.9K
The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
1.9K
Fermi Level01:18

Fermi Level

2.5K
The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
At absolute zero temperature, electrons fill all energy states up to the Fermi level, leaving upper states empty. As the temperature rises,...
2.5K
Ionic Association01:28

Ionic Association

209
The ionic association is the association of oppositely charged ions in an electrolyte solution to form ion pairs. Bjerrum defined ion pairs as two oppositely charged ions whose electrostatic attraction exceeds the thermal energy of the system, typically expressed as 2kT. Electrostatic attraction depends on ionic charge, separation distance, and the dielectric constant of the medium. Thermal energy, represented by kT, reflects the tendency of ions to move independently due to molecular motion.
209
Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

1.8K
There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
1.8K
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

5.4K
The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
5.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Layered intercalation ferroelectricity induced by asymmetric ion coordination: a mini-review.

Nanoscale·2025
Same author

Robust Ferroelectricity in Silicon Dioxide upon Intercalation of Ammonia.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Tailored sliding ferroelectricity for ultrahigh fatigue resistance in stacked trilayer MoS<sub>2</sub> crystals.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Direct Observation of Dipole Formation Triggered by Interlayer Sliding at Atomic Level in Semimetal MoTe<sub>2</sub>.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Ferroelectricity with concomitant Coulomb screening in van der Waals heterostructures.

Nature nanotechnology·2025
Same author

Single Molecular Semi-Sliding Ferroelectricity/Multiferroicity.

Research (Washington, D.C.)·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

8.0K

Transition from Conventional Ferroelectricity to Ion-Conduction-Like Ferroelectricity.

Yuanhang Yan1, Menghao Wu1

  • 1School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430074, China.

Nano Letters
|April 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a model for emergent ferroelectricity, distinguishing between conventional and long displacement types. It reveals how factors like electric fields and temperature influence switching modes and polarization in materials like γ-AlOOH and CuInP2S6.

Keywords:
boundariesfirst-principles calculationsion-conduction-like ferroelectricitylong ion displacementsmode transition

More Related Videos

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

6.4K
Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
10:36

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

Published on: April 12, 2018

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

8.0K
Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

6.4K
Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
10:36

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

Published on: April 12, 2018

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Emergent ferroelectric materials exhibit cross-unit-cell long displacements, challenging classical definitions.
  • Research into these novel ferroelectrics is nascent and subject to ongoing debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a general model for the evolution and transition between conventional and long displacement ferroelectricity.
  • To classify long displacement ferroelectricity into Type I and Type II.
  • To investigate the factors influencing switching mechanisms and polarization in these materials.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a general theoretical model.
  • First-principles calculations.
  • Analysis of paradigmatic cases: γ-AlOOH and CuInP2S6.

Main Results:

  • A classification of long displacement ferroelectricity into Type I (two switching modes) and Type II.
  • Type I ferroelectrics can exhibit conventional or ion-conduction-like behavior, influenced by electric fields, boundaries, vacancies, and temperature.
  • Demonstration via first-principles calculations on γ-AlOOH and CuInP2S6.
  • Non-local polarization effects where boundaries dictate switching modes and polarization direction.
  • Type I behavior evolves from conventional ferroelectricity with reduced migration barriers and transitions to Type II at elevated temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model provides a framework for understanding emergent ferroelectricity.
  • Type I ferroelectricity offers tunable properties based on external stimuli and material characteristics.
  • The non-local nature of polarization in Type I systems opens new avenues for materials design.