Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Obesity: Pathogenesis, Diagnostics, Risk Stratification,...

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Metabolic Diseases
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease globally.
• Its prevalence is rising due to increasing rates of obesity and metabolic syndrome worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the pathogenesis of MASLD in the context of obesity.
• To explore the role of the gut-liver axis in MASLD development and progression.
• To discuss current and future multidisciplinary management strategies for MASLD.

Main Methods:

• Literature review synthesizing current evidence on MASLD.
• Focus on pathophysiology, gut-liver axis interactions, and therapeutic interventions.
• Analysis of lifestyle modifications, pharmacologic treatments, and public health strategies.

Main Results:

• MASLD pathogenesis involves insulin resistance, adipose dysfunction, inflammation, and lipid metabolism alterations.
• The gut-liver axis, including dysbiosis and altered permeability, significantly impacts liver inflammation and fibrosis.
• Incretin-based therapies show promise for improving hepatic and systemic outcomes.

Conclusions:

• MASLD presents a significant clinical and socioeconomic burden.
• A multidisciplinary approach integrating hepatology, endocrinology, nutrition, and public health is crucial.
• Future research should focus on personalized risk assessment, early intervention, and policy development.