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Applied Optics
|April 24, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a novel subwavelength grating (SWG) antenna design to improve light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems. The enhanced antenna suppresses optical power leakage, boosting performance for beam steering applications.
Area of Science:
- Optics and Photonics
- Nanotechnology
- Materials Science
Background:
- Wavelength-tuning LiDAR systems commonly use gratings for beam steering.
- Downward optical power leakage into the substrate is a significant challenge in grating-based systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and optimize a subwavelength grating (SWG) antenna design with shallow-etched auxiliary blocks.
- To suppress downward optical power leakage and enhance beam steering performance in LiDAR systems.
Main Methods:
- Incorporation of shallow-etched auxiliary blocks into the SWG antenna to break vertical structural symmetry.
- Optimization of geometric parameters using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm.
- Utilizing a coarse wavelength-division multiplexing (CWDM) laser array and bidirectional waveguide propagation.
Main Results:
- Achieved a transmission of 66.2% with a scanning rate of -0.233°/nm.
- Transmission fluctuations were confined within 6.42%.
- Demonstrated a 28° scanning field of view (FOV) over a 60 nm wavelength range.
Conclusions:
- The proposed SWG antenna design effectively suppresses downward optical power leakage.
- The optimized antenna design offers improved performance for wavelength-tuning LiDAR systems.
- The system demonstrates a wide scanning FOV suitable for advanced LiDAR applications.
