Broadband electro-optic measurement system for intense pulsed electric fields enabled by power-over-fiber

Transient pulsed electric fields are increasingly prevalent in modern electromagnetic environments, imposing stringent demands on the stability and interference resistance of front-end measurement systems. Conventional active sensors powered by small batteries often fail to provide reliable long-duration operation in strong-field tests such as electromagnetic pulse experiments. To overcome these limitations, we developed a power-over-fiber-based transient electric-field measurement system that employs a laser power converter to ensure continuous and electromagnetically immune power delivery. The system operates stably under ambient temperatures of 26°C-40°C and measures field amplitudes approaching 50 kV/m. Meanwhile, it exhibits superior frequency response characteristics, with a -3dB bandwidth of the measurement system reaching 6 GHz. Experimental results demonstrate a linear dynamic range of 56 dB and a sensitivity of 24.3mV/(kVm^-1), along with transient response performance featuring a rise time of less than 2.3 ns.