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Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
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Multifunctional PNIPAM Hydrogels Based on Supercritical CO2-Assisted PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT Hybrid Structure.

Shuangshuang Yang1, Zhicun Chu1, Bo Gao1

  • 1Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, P.R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed smart hydrogels using modified conductive polymers and carbon nanotubes. These temperature-sensitive hydrogels show excellent adhesion, near-infrared responsiveness, and controlled drug release for potential applications in intelligent drug delivery systems.

Keywords:
PEDOT:PSS/SWCNTPNIPAMhybrid structuremultifunctional hydrogelssupercritical CO2

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Conductive polymers like poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) are crucial for advanced materials.
  • Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) offer unique mechanical and electrical properties.
  • Developing functional composite materials requires effective modification and integration techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To modify PEDOT:PSS onto SWCNTs using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2) antisolvent-induced polymer epitaxy.
  • To create temperature-sensitive composite hydrogels incorporating PEDOT:PSS/SWCNTs and poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM).
  • To investigate the properties and potential applications of these novel hydrogels, particularly in drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2) antisolvent-induced polymer epitaxy for PEDOT:PSS/SWCNTs modification.
  • Preparation of PEDOT:PSS/SWCNTs/PNIPAM composite hydrogels.
  • Characterization using FTIR, X-ray diffraction, TEM, and SEM.
  • Evaluation of temperature-sensitive responsiveness, adhesion, NIR photothermal conversion, and in vitro drug release.

Main Results:

  • Optimized modification of PEDOT:PSS onto SWCNTs achieved at 80 °C and 15 MPa using SC CO2.
  • Successfully synthesized temperature-sensitive hydrogels exhibiting reversible swelling/collapsing behavior around 32 °C.
  • Demonstrated strong adhesion to diverse substrates and significant NIR photothermal conversion.
  • Achieved accelerated and on-demand release of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) triggered by NIR light, with pore size correlating to drug release control.

Conclusions:

  • The SC CO2 method effectively modifies PEDOT:PSS onto SWCNTs, enabling the creation of functional composite hydrogels.
  • The developed hydrogels possess tunable temperature-sensitive properties, excellent adhesion, and NIR-responsive capabilities.
  • These smart hydrogels show significant promise for advanced applications, especially in targeted and controlled drug delivery systems.