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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

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DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility...
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The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction and the Rome V Process.

Douglas A Drossman1, Lin Chang2, Jan Tack3

  • 1The Rome Foundation, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Gastroenterology
|April 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Rome V criteria update definitions and diagnostic approaches for disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). This revision incorporates new research on factors influencing DGBI and refines therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
Brain–Gut AxisChronic ConstipationDiagnostic CriteriaDisorders of Gut–Brain InteractionFunctional DyspepsiaFunctional Gastrointestinal DisordersIrritable Bowel SyndromeRome Criteria

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Neurogastroenterology
  • Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research
  • Gut-Brain Axis Science

Background:

  • Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction (DGBI) encompass gastrointestinal symptoms linked to motility, sensitivity, microbiota, and central processing.
  • The Rome Foundation provides evidence-based diagnostic criteria for DGBI research and clinical practice.
  • The Rome V process represents a decade of knowledge advancement since Rome IV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update DGBI definitions using current basic and clinical literature.
  • To integrate novel insights into diet, gut microenvironment, and brain-gut interactions.
  • To refine diagnostic algorithms and therapeutic strategies for DGBI.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent scientific literature on DGBI.
  • Analysis of emerging evidence on influencing factors (diet, microbiota, pharmacogenomics, etc.).
  • Revision of diagnostic criteria and algorithms based on updated knowledge.

Main Results:

  • Updated definitions for DGBI based on the latest research.
  • Inclusion of new information on biopsychosocial, gender, and cross-cultural factors.
  • Refined diagnostic algorithms and therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions:

  • The Rome V criteria provide an updated framework for understanding and managing DGBI.
  • Emphasis on patient experience and sociocultural aspects is integrated.
  • The updated guidelines support more precise and effective clinical management of DGBI.