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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

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Published on: August 25, 2014

Neighbourhood Social Vulnerability and Preterm Birth Risk Among Infants With Trisomy 21: A Statewide Analysis.

Fatima R Sheriff¹, Renata H Benjamin¹, Qian Xiao¹

¹Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology

|April 25, 2026

Summary

Maternal residence in socially vulnerable areas increases preterm birth (PTB) risk for infants with trisomy 21. This risk is highest for non-Hispanic Black women, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Keywords:

neighbourhood vulnerability preterm birth race and ethnicity social determinants of health social vulnerability trisomy 21

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Published on: October 10, 2025

Area of Science:

Perinatal epidemiology
Social determinants of health
Genetics and developmental disorders

Background:

Socioeconomic vulnerability is linked to higher preterm birth (PTB) rates.
Infants with trisomy 21 have a disproportionately higher PTB rate.
The impact of social vulnerability on PTB risk in trisomy 21 infants is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between maternal socioeconomic vulnerability and PTB in infants with trisomy 21.
To quantify the risk of PTB based on neighborhood-level Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) quartiles.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of infants with trisomy 21 in Texas (1999-2018).
Utilized the Texas Birth Defects Registry and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) data.
Employed Poisson regression to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

A total of 8823 infants were analyzed; 25.7% were born preterm.
Living in the highest SVI quartile was associated with increased PTB risk (RR 1.17).
The association was more pronounced among non-Hispanic Black women (RR 1.44).

Conclusions:

Neighborhood social vulnerability is a significant factor influencing PTB risk in infants with trisomy 21.
Findings highlight disparities in perinatal health outcomes for vulnerable populations.
Addresses a critical gap in understanding PTB risk factors for trisomy 21 infants.