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Wavefront Mapping for Absolute Atom Interferometry.

Joseph Junca1,2, John Kitching1, William McGehee1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wavefront distortions in atom interferometry limit precision. This study introduces a method to measure and correct these distortions, paving the way for more accurate gravitational acceleration measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Wavefront distortions in light-pulse atom interferometry introduce systematic uncertainty.
  • Current limitations in measuring gravitational acceleration are at the 30 nm/s² level due to these distortions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate an in situ method for spatially resolving interferometer phase.
  • To characterize and correct wavefront bias in Mach-Zehnder atom interferometers.
  • To improve the precision of absolute gravitational acceleration measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Mach-Zehnder atom interferometer.
  • Introduced controllable curvature to the Raman light using an adjustable collimation retro-reflector.
  • Spatially resolved the interferometer phase to measure wavefront bias.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated measurement of bias due to parabolic wavefront curvature with 1 mrad uncertainty.
  • Showed that finite-size corrections influence the measured phase curvature.
  • Quantified the impact of wavefront distortions on atom interferometer measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The developed measurement process can characterize and correct wavefront bias.
  • This technique can reduce wavefront bias uncertainty below the nm/s² level in optimized atom interferometer gravimeters.
  • Enables higher precision in absolute measurements of gravitational acceleration.