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Quantum Impurity Sensing of Altermagnetic Order.

V A S V Bittencourt¹, Hossein Hosseinabadi², Jairo Sinova^2,3

¹Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS, UMR7006), Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.

Physical Review Letters

|April 25, 2026

Summary

Quantum relaxometry using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond can now detect anisotropic spin dynamics in altermagnetic insulators. This quantum sensing method distinguishes altermagnets from antiferromagnets through directional spin diffusion measurements.

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Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Quantum sensing
Materials science

Background:

Individual spin defects, such as nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, offer a versatile platform for probing microscopic properties.
Altermagnetic insulators possess unique spin-polarized band structures with momentum-space anisotropy.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate quantum relaxometry with NV centers for revealing anisotropic spin dynamics in altermagnetic insulators.
To establish a method for distinguishing altermagnets from conventional antiferromagnets using local, noninvasive measurements.

Main Methods:

Utilizing quantum relaxometry with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond as quantum sensors.
Measuring the distance and orientation-dependent spin relaxation rate of a quantum impurity near an altermagnetic material.

Main Results:

Quantum relaxometry successfully revealed anisotropic spin dynamics and characteristic spin-polarized bands of altermagnetic insulators.
The relaxation rate's directional sensitivity encodes signatures of momentum-space anisotropy in the spin diffusion response, a hallmark of altermagnetic order.
The method enables differentiation between altermagnets and antiferromagnets based on local measurements.

Conclusions:

NV-center-based quantum relaxometry provides unprecedented directional sensitivity for probing anisotropic phenomena in condensed matter.
This technique opens new avenues for NV-sensing experiments on spin transport and symmetry breaking in altermagnets.
The orientation of NV centers is crucial for investigating anisotropic properties in quantum materials.