Understanding pain and pain management patterns in construction workers: A latent class analysis of cross-sectional...

Understanding pain and pain management in the construction workforce is critical due to the physically demanding nature of their work. This study aimed to describe pain and quality of life among construction workers, characterize the methods they use for pain relief, identify usage patterns of those methods; and to examine associated factors. Researchers conducted a cross-sectional survey of active construction workers (n=551) in four U.S. states from April to December 2023. The survey assessed pain severity and interference, self-reported health, pain-relief methods used and perceived effectiveness, and demographic and work characteristics. The results found some most commonly used pain‑relief methods (e.g., exercise and nutritional supplements) were less likely to be rated as "Very Helpful," while less frequently used options (e.g., nerve blocks) received higher proportions of "Very Helpful" ratings. Latent class analysis identified four usage groups: conservative, self-managed, alternative-integrative, and all-option treatment users. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models found that pain interference, race/ethnicity, employment status, and use of cigarettes, alcohol, and opioids were associated with group membership. These factors, with the observed mismatch between methods used and perceived helpfulness, suggest the need for accessible, culturally responsive pain management approaches tailored to this workforce's unique needs. PERSPECTIVE: This study investigates pain severity, pain interference, relief methods, and self-reported health among construction workers. It identifies four distinct user groups and associated factors, highlighting the complex pain management patterns in this workforce. The findings underscore the need for tailored pain-relief approaches that address their unique challenges.