The role of self-regulation resources in the relationship between self-compassion and nicotine dependence

The aim of this study was to examine the role of self-compassion in nicotine dependence within the framework of the Self-Regulation Resource Model (SRRM). The study included 331 adults aged 18 years and older. Participants were classified into three groups based on smoking status (current smokers, former smokers, and non-smokers). Differences in gender, education level, self-compassion, positive affect, negative affect, and health self-efficacy were examined across smoking status groups. The proposed SRRM-based mediation model was tested among current smokers (N = 164). The findings indicated that self-compassion was indirectly associated with nicotine dependence through negative affect and health self-efficacy, whereas positive affect did not show a significant mediating effect. Overall, the results highlight the role of emotional regulation and health self-efficacy as key self-regulation resources linked to nicotine dependence. These findings suggest that strengthening self-regulation resources may be relevant for smoking cessation efforts.