[Analysis on breakfast consumption and related factors among Chinese urban adults aged 18-60 years old in 2021]

To analyze the breakfast dining situation and related factors of adult residents aged 18-60 years old in urban China.

A cross-sectional survey method was used to collect survey respondents' breakfast dining and related demographic and socioeconomics indicators through the online social platform WeChat and Weixin in July-August 2021 using the survey tool, Questionnaire Star v2.0.96, which was used to analyze the frequency of breakfast eating and related factors in urban residents aged 18-60 years. A total of 11 162 urban residents aged 18 to 60 years old in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government were included to analyze the frequency of eating breakfast on weekdays and rest days, and to analyze the factors related to survey respondents' daily breakfast eating on weekdays and rest days using a multifactorial logistic regression model.

On the 5 weekdays, the number of respondents who never ate breakfast, ate breakfast 1-2 days a week, ate breakfast 3-4 days a week, and ate breakfast every day were 227(2.0%), 428(3.8%), 1418(12.7%), and 9089(81.4%), respectively; and on the 2 rest days, the number of respondents who never ate breakfast, ate breakfast 1 day a week, and ate breakfast every day were 1278(11.4%), 2063(18.5%), and 7821(70.1%), respectively. The result of multifactorial logistic regression model analysis showed that on both weekdays and rest days, 30-39 years old(OR_(weekday)=1.60, 95% CI 1.37-1.88; OR_(rest day)=2.38, 95% CI 2.08-2.74), 40-49 years old(OR_(weekday) =3.06, 95% CI 2.56-3.67; OR_(rest day) =3.82, 95% CI 3.28-4.46), 50-60 years old(OR_(weekday)=5.62, 95%CI 4.48-7.05; OR_(rest day) =5.51, 95%CI 4.61-6.58), married(OR_(weekday) =1.29, 95%CI 1.11-1.49; OR_(rest day) =1.56, 95%CI 1.37-1.78), and with a per capita household income of ≥70 000 yuan per year(OR_(weekday) =1.46, the 95%CI 1.27-1.67; OR_(rest day) =1.37, 95%CI 1.22-1.54) survey respondents were more likely to eat breakfast every day(P<0.05).

In 2021, the behavior of daily breakfast consumption among Chinese urban adult residents aged 18-60 still needed improvement. The behavior of eating breakfast every day was influenced by factors including age, marital status, average annual household income per capita, city type, and BMI. Additionally, on weekdays, this behavior was also affected by gender, while on rest days, it was further influenced by education level.