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The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
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Lytic viruses drive the decrease in polyphosphate-accumulating and phosphate-solubilizing potential of microbial

Qiusheng Wu1,2, Debin Wu1, Jiayi Wang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Environment Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Viruses significantly impact phosphorus-cycling microorganisms (PCMs) in reservoirs, altering their function and stability. Understanding viral activity is crucial for mitigating reservoir eutrophication and managing phosphorus release.

Keywords:
P-cycling functional geneauxiliary metabolic genesdammingreservoir ageviral diversity

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Aquatic ecology
  • Viral ecology

Background:

  • River damming causes phosphorus enrichment in reservoir sediments, increasing eutrophication risk.
  • Microorganisms drive phosphorus cycling, but viral influence on these microbes is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of viruses in regulating phosphorus-cycling microorganisms (PCMs) in freshwater reservoirs.
  • To understand how viral activity affects PCM community structure, function, and phosphorus cycling over time.

Main Methods:

  • Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of sediment samples from nine Chinese reservoirs (12-59 years old).
  • Profiling of both phosphorus-cycling microbial and viral communities.
  • Assessing the relationship between viral diversity, PCM community dynamics, and phosphorus cycling genes.

Main Results:

  • Lytic virus diversity was the primary driver of PCM community stability and phosphorus cycling gene patterns with increasing reservoir age.
  • Viral lysis decreased dominant PCM abundance, enhancing community diversity and stability.
  • Viral activity modulated PCM functions, including phosphate transport and accumulation, and viruses encoded auxiliary metabolic genes involved in phosphorus cycling.

Conclusions:

  • Viruses are key regulators of PCMs in reservoirs, influencing phosphorus retention and release.
  • Viral activity impacts microbial phosphorus cycling and should be considered in eutrophication mitigation strategies.
  • Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms may be more vulnerable to viral lysis than polyphosphate-accumulating microorganisms.