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A decade of Streptococcus pneumoniae bloodstream infections: a single-center retrospective analysis

Saied Ali1, Karen Burns2, Binu Dinesh2

  • 1Microbiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences: RCSI Dublin, Ireland.

Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology : ASHE
|April 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Broad-spectrum antibiotics were overused in pneumococcal bloodstream infections, missing chances for antimicrobial stewardship and vaccination. This review highlights key areas for improving patient care and preventing invasive pneumococcal disease.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease remains a significant public health concern.
  • Antimicrobial resistance necessitates judicious antibiotic use.
  • Pneumococcal vaccination is a key preventive strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate antimicrobial prescribing patterns in pneumococcal bloodstream infections.
  • To assess complication rates and identify management gaps.
  • To determine the extent of pneumococcal vaccination recommendations at discharge.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 176 cases of pneumococcal bloodstream infections over ten years.
  • Analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility data.
  • Chart review for complications, ICU admission, and vaccination recommendations.

Main Results:

  • High rates of broad-spectrum antimicrobial use were observed.
  • Penicillin susceptibility remained high among isolates.
  • 15% of patients experienced complications, and 10% required ICU admission.
  • Only 22% received pneumococcal vaccination recommendations upon discharge.

Conclusions:

  • Significant opportunities exist for optimizing antimicrobial stewardship in managing pneumococcal bloodstream infections.
  • Current practices indicate a need for improved adherence to guidelines for antibiotic selection.
  • Enhancing pneumococcal vaccination recommendations at discharge is crucial for secondary prevention.

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