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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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TREX2 component PCID2 scaffolds alternative SAC3-based subcomplexes with distinct RNA processing and export function.

Vasilisa Aksenova1, Elizabeth Giordano1, Caroline Esnault-Petrov2

  • 1Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The TREX2 complex is a modular system, not uniform. Its subunits form distinct subcomplexes, influencing RNA processing and export through varied interactions and localizations.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The TREX2 complex is known to link transcription with RNA export.
  • Subunit variations in expression, localization, and dynamics suggest specialized cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the specific roles of individual TREX2 components by characterizing their interactomes.
  • To understand the modular nature and functional diversification of the TREX2 complex.

Main Methods:

  • Interactome analysis of TREX2 subunits.
  • Identification and characterization of novel subcomplexes.
  • Localization studies (nuclear envelope, nuclear speckles, cytosol).
  • Depletion studies to assess functional impact on mRNA processing.

Main Results:

  • Novel, conserved SAC3(PCI-fold)-based subcomplexes involving PCID2 were identified.
  • PCID2 acts as a scaffold, forming mutually exclusive subcomplexes with GANP, LENG8, and SAC3D1.
  • LENG8 localizes to nuclear speckles, interacts with mRNA processing factors, and its depletion affects mRNA processing and polyadenylation.
  • These findings indicate LENG8 functions upstream of the canonical TREX2 complex.

Conclusions:

  • TREX2 subunits have distinct roles in RNA retention and protein interactions.
  • PCID2 forms exclusive subcomplexes with GANP, LENG8, and SAC3D1, influencing PCID2 localization.
  • LENG8 modulates alternative mRNA processing as a nuclear speckle protein.