Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

3.7K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
3.7K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.0K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.0K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

4.7K
4.7K
Directionality of Nuclear Transport01:42

Directionality of Nuclear Transport

3.9K
Ras-related nuclear protein or Ran is a small G protein that cycles between its GTP and GDP bound states. Ran specific regulators, a Ran GTPase Activating Protein or RanGAP present in the cytosol and a Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor or RanGEF present inside the nucleus regulate GTP/GDP exchange. A high concentration of GTP inside the cells, in addition to this asymmetric distribution of  Ran-specific regulators, leads to a higher RanGTP concentration inside the nucleus. This...
3.9K
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

4.8K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
4.8K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

2.5K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Npl4 decodes polyubiquitin length and gates D1-D2 coupling in human VCP/p97.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

ASPL-driven subunit exchange remodels VCP/p97 hexamers and is impaired by a multisystem proteinopathy mutation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Public Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in Adults With Obesity and Diabetes: 2-Year Safety, Weight and Diabetes Outcomes.

ANZ journal of surgery·2026
Same author

Tuning tRNA synthetase inhibition reveals parabolic induction of stress granules limited in size and RNA content.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

tRNA synthetase activity is required for stress granule and P-body assembly.

Genes & development·2026
Same author

Ribosome association inhibits stress-induced gene mRNA localization to stress granules.

Genes & development·2025
Same journal

Layered social competition coordinates reproductive hierarchy formation in ants.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Combination epigenetic-targeted therapy increases the immunogenicity of poorly immunogenic sarcomas.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Loss of LanC-like proteins delays post-injury regeneration of aging skeletal muscles.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Integrative Transfer Network: Deep Transfer Learning Across Populations and Prediction Targets.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Confidence-supported label-free metabolic imaging with FPhaS phase autofluorescence microscopy.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Sequence-encoded autoinhibition couples mRNA decapping activity to phase separation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Methods to Classify Cytoplasmic Foci as Mammalian Stress Granules
09:33

Methods to Classify Cytoplasmic Foci as Mammalian Stress Granules

Published on: May 12, 2017

14.1K

Temporal gating dictates stress-induced transcript export from the nucleus.

Noah S Helton1,2, Benjamin Dodd1,2, Stephanie L Moon1,2

  • 1Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nuclear mRNA export is inhibited during cellular stress. Transcriptional timing, not sequence, dictates whether stress-induced mRNAs are exported or retained in the nucleus.

Keywords:
Nuclear exportheat shock proteinsheat shock responseintegrated stress responsestress-induced genes

More Related Videos

Visualization of G3BP Stress Granules Dynamics in Live Primary Cells
10:12

Visualization of G3BP Stress Granules Dynamics in Live Primary Cells

Published on: May 21, 2014

17.8K
Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
10:36

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Methods to Classify Cytoplasmic Foci as Mammalian Stress Granules
09:33

Methods to Classify Cytoplasmic Foci as Mammalian Stress Granules

Published on: May 12, 2017

14.1K
Visualization of G3BP Stress Granules Dynamics in Live Primary Cells
10:12

Visualization of G3BP Stress Granules Dynamics in Live Primary Cells

Published on: May 21, 2014

17.8K
Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
10:36

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Previous research focused on transcriptional and translational control during cellular stress.
  • The role of regulated nuclear mRNA export in the stress response remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of nuclear mRNA export to the cellular stress response.
  • To determine the mechanisms governing the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of mRNAs during stress.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized single-molecule mRNA imaging and transcriptome-wide analyses in human cells under arsenite and heat stress.
  • Employed reporter RNA assays to assess mRNA export competence based on transcriptional timing.

Main Results:

  • Nuclear mRNA export is progressively inhibited during arsenite and heat stress.
  • The majority of stress-induced mRNAs, including heat shock proteins, accumulate in the nucleus.
  • Early-transcribed mRNAs (e.g., immediate early genes) are exported before global export inhibition, while later transcripts are retained.

Conclusions:

  • Temporal gating, determined by the timing of transcription, is the primary factor controlling nuclear export of stress-induced mRNAs in human cells.
  • This contrasts with sequence-specific mechanisms proposed in yeast.
  • Transcriptional timing, not sequence features, dictates mRNA export efficiency during cellular stress.