Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 28, 2026
Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
Published on: January 7, 2019
Oncolytic viruses in lung cancer: mechanisms of action and research progress
Tuo Ji1,2,3, Xinyi Hu3, Yuzhi Gao1,2,3
1Lianyungang Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China.
Abstract:
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, posing a profound public health challenge. Current primary therapeutic modalities-surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy-often exhibit limited efficacy, accompanied by frequent adverse events and treatment resistance. Oncolytic viruses (OVs), an emerging class of anti-cancer therapeutics, can infect and lyse cancer cells while their effects on normal tissues are generally limited. Leveraging OVs in lung cancer therapy holds substantial promise for improving patient survival outcomes. This review comprehensively examines the multifaceted anti-cancer mechanisms of OVs, including induction of apoptosis, immunogenic cell death, and neoantigen presentation. Additionally, it explores promising combinatorial strategies, such as OV-based immunotherapy and targeted therapies. By synthesizing current evidence, this review aims to inform the optimization of OV-based therapeutic regimens for lung cancer, ultimately enhancing patient survival and quality of life while addressing limitations of conventional treatments.
Insights
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) offer a promising new approach to lung cancer treatment by selectively destroying cancer cells and stimulating the immune system. This review explores OV mechanisms and combinations to improve patient survival and quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Virology
- Immunotherapy
Background:
- Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally.
- Conventional treatments like chemotherapy have limited efficacy and significant side effects.
- Oncolytic viruses (OVs) show potential for targeted cancer therapy with fewer adverse effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the anti-cancer mechanisms of oncolytic viruses in lung cancer.
- To explore combinatorial strategies involving OVs for enhanced efficacy.
- To inform the optimization of OV-based therapeutic regimens for lung cancer.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of oncolytic virus mechanisms.
- Analysis of OV interactions with cancer cells and the immune system.
- Exploration of combination therapies with immunotherapy and targeted agents.
Main Results:
- OVs induce cancer cell death via apoptosis and immunogenic cell death.
- OVs facilitate neoantigen presentation, enhancing anti-tumor immunity.
- Combinatorial strategies, including OV-based immunotherapy, show significant promise.
Conclusions:
- Oncolytic viruses present a novel therapeutic avenue for lung cancer.
- Optimizing OV mechanisms and combinations can improve treatment outcomes.
- OV-based therapies offer potential for enhanced patient survival and quality of life.
Related Concept Videos
02:49Cancer Therapies
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
01:51Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
01:51Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
01:03Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer