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Neurosurgical Complications Following Tooth Extraction: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Meta-Analysis :
Shahram Shafa1, Elaheh Entezar-Almahdi2, Amir Hossein Pourdavood3
1Department of Orthopedics, Peymanieh Hospital, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
Galen Medical Journal
|April 27, 2026
Summary
This review analyzed neurosurgical complications after tooth extraction, finding brain abscesses and meningitis most common. Pre-existing conditions significantly increased death risk, highlighting the need for prompt symptom evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Dental Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Neurosurgical complications following tooth extraction are rare but serious.
- Understanding patient characteristics and risk factors is crucial for prevention and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and characterize neurosurgical complications after tooth extraction.
- To identify common complications, symptoms, and associated risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases.
- Synthesized data from 42 studies involving 47 patient cases.
Main Results:
- Brain abscesses (25 cases) and meningitis (11 cases) were the most frequent complications.
- Headache (55.32%) and fever (38.3%) were the most common symptoms.
- Pre-existing conditions were associated with increased mortality (OR=2.15).
Conclusions:
- Identified key symptoms like headache and fever can aid prompt diagnosis.
- Male patients with pre-existing conditions undergoing upper jaw extraction require particular attention.
- This systematic review provides valuable insights for healthcare providers managing post-extraction complications.
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