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Protein Expression Analysis and Functional Characterization of Sorcin in Gallbladder Cancer.

Vaishali Jain^1,2, Neeraj Saklani^1,2, Srishti Kawatra^1,2

¹ICMR-Centre for Cancer Pathology (Formerly a Part of ICMR-National Institute of Pathology), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi 110029, India.

|April 27, 2026

Summary

Sorcin (SRI) is significantly upregulated in gallbladder cancer (GBC) and promotes tumor growth and spread. Targeting SRI may offer a new therapeutic strategy for GBC patients.

Keywords:

Sorcin epithelial–mesenchymal transition gallbladder cancer immunohistochemistry therapeutic target

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor outcomes.
Novel molecular targets are crucial for developing effective GBC therapies.
Sorcin (SRI), a calcium-binding protein, has a known role in tumor progression but its role in GBC is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the expression of Sorcin (SRI) in GBC tissues.
To determine the functional role of SRI in GBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Main Methods:

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to analyze SRI expression in 85 GBC tissues and 85 gallstone disease (GSD) controls.
siRNA-mediated SRI knockdown was performed in the NOZ GBC cell line.
Functional assays included cell proliferation, wound healing, transwell invasion, and Western blot analysis of EMT markers.

Main Results:

SRI was significantly upregulated in 67% of GBC cases compared to negative staining in all GSD controls (p < 0.001).
SRI knockdown reduced GBC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
SRI knockdown suppressed vimentin expression, indicating inhibition of EMT.

Conclusions:

SRI is significantly overexpressed in GBC and promotes key oncogenic behaviors.
SRI is a potential therapeutic target for GBC.
Further studies in animal models are warranted for clinical translation.