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Alterations in Circulating Progenitor Cell Composition in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Eva Camarillo-Retamosa1, Jan Devan1,2, Camino Calvo-Cebrián1

  • 1Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.

Cells
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves immune dysregulation. This study found expanded erythroid precursors and reduced CD31 on T cells in RA patients, suggesting altered cellular homeostasis.

Keywords:
high-dimensional spectral flowprogenitor cellsrheumatoid arthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease causing joint inflammation and systemic immune imbalance.
  • Bone marrow activation is implicated in RA, but direct tissue analysis is challenging.
  • Peripheral blood progenitor cell analysis offers a surrogate for bone marrow status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in peripheral blood progenitor cells and immune cells in RA patients.
  • To explore the role of CD31 expression in RA pathogenesis.
  • To identify potential biomarkers reflecting systemic immune dysregulation in RA.

Main Methods:

  • High-dimensional spectral flow cytometry and FlowSOM clustering analyzed peripheral blood cells from RA patients and healthy controls.
  • A nine-marker panel (CD45, CD31, CD235, CD133, CD34, CD105, CD271, CD90, PDPN) was used.
  • CD31 expression on immune subsets in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assessed.

Main Results:

  • RA patients exhibited increased CD45+CD31- immune cells and elevated CD235a+ erythroid precursors.
  • Putative CD45+CD31int progenitors and mature cells were reduced in RA.
  • CD31 expression was decreased on T cells in RA patients.
  • Three putative circulating stromal cell populations were identified.

Conclusions:

  • RA is associated with expanded erythroid precursor populations and reduced CD31 expression on T cells.
  • These findings indicate broad systemic alterations in cellular homeostasis in RA.
  • Loss of CD31 on immune cell precursors may contribute to immune remodelling and activation in RA.