Exploring the Interplay Between Core Stability, Pulmonary Function, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults: A...

Background: Identifying multimodal interventions to counteract age-related physiological decline is a critical public health priority. This study investigated the impact of an 8-week Mat Pilates intervention (MPT) on the interplay between core stability, pulmonary function, and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults, specifically examining the mechanistic link between trunk stabilization and respiratory mechanics. Methods: Twenty older adults (18 females, 2 males; age 60-77 years) were randomized (stratified by sex, age, and baseline stability) into an MPT group (n = 10; 60-min sessions, 3×/week) or a control group (CON, n = 10). Primary outcomes included core stability (plank test), functional flexibility (sit-and-reach; back-scratch), pulmonary function (FVC, FEV₁, FEV₁/FVC, FEF_25-75%, MVV), and cardiorespiratory fitness (6-min walk test; 6MWT). Results: Post-intervention, the MPT group demonstrated significant improvements in core stability, flexibility, and all pulmonary variables (FVC, FEV₁, FEF_25-75%, MVV) compared to the CON group (p < 0.001). A significant reduction in body weight was also observed (p < 0.001). Notably, MPT participants achieved superior 6MWT distances and reduced perceived exertion (p = 0.006). Correlation analysis revealed strong positive associations between core stability gains and pulmonary function (r = 0.892, p < 0.01), supporting the mechanistic link between trunk stabilization, enhanced ventilatory mechanics, and functional aerobic capacity. Conclusions: Mat Pilates is a potent intervention for older adults, facilitating a physiological synergy where core strengthening optimizes pulmonary function and cardiorespiratory endurance. These findings suggest MPT is a comprehensive modality for maintaining musculoskeletal and respiratory health, proving superior to habitual activity alone in promoting functional independence.