Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Isolation of Culturable Yeasts and Molds from Soils to Investigate Fungal Population Structure
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Isolation of Culturable Yeasts and Molds from Soils to Investigate Fungal Population Structure

Published on: May 27, 2022

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Genotype-Phenotype Relationships in Azole-Resistant Aspergillus: Two Sides of the Same Coin

Merlijn H I van Haren1, Willem J G Melchers1, Jianhua Zhang1

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboudumc Community for Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Aspergillus fumigatus drug resistance threatens antifungal therapy. This review details complex genotype-phenotype links and emerging non-Cyp51A resistance pathways to guide future strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Aspergillus fumigatus is a critical threat causing invasive fungal disease.
  • Triazole antifungals are essential but face rising drug resistance.
  • Cyp51A mutations are common resistance drivers, forming specific genotypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus.
  • To dissect complex genotype-phenotype relationships in Cyp51A-mediated resistance.
  • To highlight emerging resistance mechanisms independent of Cyp51A.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Aspergillus fumigatus azole resistance.
  • Analysis of genotype-phenotype correlations in clinical isolates.
  • Examination of novel resistance mechanisms beyond Cyp51A.

Main Results:

  • Cyp51A genotype-phenotype correlations are complex and not always predictable.
  • Mutational hotspots in Cyp51A (G54, M220, G448) exhibit varied resistance.
  • Non-Cyp51A resistance mechanisms are increasingly identified.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding intricate genotype-phenotype relationships is crucial for managing Aspergillus fumigatus resistance.
  • Emerging non-Cyp51A resistance pathways require further investigation.
  • Enhanced detection and clinical management strategies are needed to combat antifungal resistance.
Keywords:
Aspergillus fumigatusmutation managementtriazole resistance

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